The gendered nature of this execution is the essay's central horror. For a woman, crucifixion was not merely death; it was the ultimate violation of pudicitia (chastity and dignity). Exposed naked on the patibulum , she would have been subjected to the gaze of a mob. Roman art never depicted a crucified woman; it was too obscene. By doing so, the state was not just killing a body but annihilating the very idea of Roman womanhood. It was a message to every matron: your virtue is a concession, not a right.
(The Roman woman was crucified.)